- 29 December 2022
- By GyanOk
Daily Current Affairs Notes for 29 December 2022
IIT Madras won Wharton-QS Reimagine Education Awards 2022
Overview
Wharton-QS Reimagine Education Awards:
The Wharton-QS Reimagine Education Awards, also known as “,” gave significant recognition to the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras (IIT-M). The best programme awards went to the IIT Madras courses, BS Data Science and NPTEL in partnership with IISc Bangalore. The institute has been awarded and its BS in Data Science and Applications is awarded the silver in the best online programme category. While, the National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL), a joint initiative of IITs and IISc, run by IIT Madras, won the gold in the lifelong learning category.
The Bachelor of Science in Data Science and Applications program is a sought-after undergraduate degree that is uniquely designed to address the employability of students in this domain. The programme opens the door to the world of data science and programming where the demand for skilled resources is very high, to anyone from any background and of any age group. This tailor-made programme provides core employment-oriented skills to students.”
About the programme:
- Due to its hybrid teaching and learning approach and ranking as the best online degree programme, the Data Science programme received an award. The NPTEL programme was recognised for giving students a chance for professional and personal growth, including up- and re-skilling.
- More than 15,000 students are enrolled in the Data Science and Applications programme at IIT Madras at various levels. More than two crore students have enrolled in the NPTEL program’s more than 4,000 certification-related courses, and more than 23 lakh have registered for examinations.
- The Wharton-QS Reimagine Education Awards recognize outstanding achievements of educators, institutions, and organizations that drive innovation and excellence in education.
Star named after former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Overview
Atal Bihari Vajpayee:
On the birth anniversary of former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, which was marked as 'Good Governance Day' across the country, the Aurangabad unit of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) named a star after the 'Bharat Ratna' recipient, informed Aurangabad BJP president Shirish Boralkar on Sunday.
The distance of the star from Earth is 392.01 light years. It is the closest star to the Sun.
"The star with the coordinates 14 05 25.3 -60 28 51.9 has been registered in the International Space Registry on December 25, 2022. The star gets the name Atal Bihari Vajpayee ji. Registration Number CX16408US," read the International Space Registry certificate.
Vajpayee served as the Prime Minister from May 16, 1996 to June 1, 1996 and again from March 19, 1998 to May 22, 2004.
He also served as India's External Affairs Minister in the cabinet of Prime Minister Moraji Desai from 1977 to 1979. He passed away at AIIMS hospital in Delhi on August 16, 2018.
After coming to power in 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi, as a mark of tribute to the former Prime Minister, declared that December 25 would be celebrated as 'Good Governance Day' every year.
Important Indian Freedom Movements During Independence from 1857 to 1942
Overview
Indian Freedom Movements
Indian Freedom Movements are evidence of the year-long freedom struggle of Indian people to get complete independence. The Indian Freedom Movement started in 1857 with the Revolt of 1857 and ended with achieving the Independence of India in 1947.
Several movements were unsuccessful however, they were powerful enough to move the roots of the British Government in India. The ultimate goal of all the freedom movements was to get complete independence from British rule.
List of Indian Freedom Movements (1857-1942)
| Year | Indian Freedom Movements | Significance |
| 1857 | Revolt of 1857 | Sepoy Munity in Meerut spread to Delhi, Agra, Kanpur, and Lucknow |
| 1905-1911 | Swadeshi Movement | Partition of Bengal by Lord Curzon |
| 1914-1917 | Gadar Movement | Komagata Maru Incident |
| 1916-1918 | Home Rule Movement | Bal Gangadhar Tikal Launched the movement with Annie Besant |
| 1917 | Champaran Satyagraha | First non-violent protest in India by Mahatma Gandhi |
| 1919 | Rowlatt Satyagrah | |
| 1920 | Khilafat and Non-Cooperation Movement | First Mass Movement led by Mahatma Gandhi |
| 1930 | Civil Disobedience Movement | Launched to break the salt law |
| 1940 | Individual Satyagraha | Launched against the August Offer |
| 1942 | Quit India Movement | Mahatma Gandhi launched his third major movement against British Rule |
Overview of Indian Freedom Movements
The Indian freedom movements paved the way for the Independence of India after years of struggle. The Indian Freedom movements continued to strengthen the unity of the Indian people and made the British roots weak. Here is an overview of the important Indian Freedom Movements.
Revolt of 1857
The Revolt of 1857 was the first war of Independence against the British. The revolt began in Meerut on 10th May 1857. The movement slowly spread to Delhi, Agra, Kanpur, and Lucknow. Though it was the first step of the fight against the British and the first Indian freedom movement, it was unsuccessful. However, it has a significant impact on the masses and inspired the sentiments of the Indian citizens to join hands for the Independence movement.
This independence movement marked the end of rule by the British East India Company which earlier had direct control over India. The revolt completely shook the foundation of British rule in India and disclosed their inefficiency in handling the Indian administration. The Government of India Act, of 1858 abolished the rule of the British East India Company. The Revolt failed due to a lack of one clear leader and no planning.
Swadeshi Movement
The Swadeshi movement was started after the announcement of Lord Curzon about the partition of Bengal in 1905. The British government declared the division of Bengal into two provinces to undermine national unity. On 7th August 1905, the Boycott resolution was adopted during the conference held at the Calcutta Town Hall.
This established the Swadeshi movement and brought the fragmented leadership together. The Swadeshi movement aimed to encourage the usage of local goods and services. The movement began violently when British products were openly torched. The British government started detaining the agitators to address the issue and as a result, Bengal was partitioned.
Ghadar Movement
The Ghadar Movement brought a significant change in the scenario of the Indian freedom movements. People from Punjab immigrated to North America especially to Canada and United States to work in fields and factories in the 1900s. They were introduced to the idea of forming workers’ unions to oppose the unfavorable policies implemented by the British Government.
This ideology led to the formation of the Pacific Coast Hindustan Association also known as the Ghadar Party. In the early 20th Century, several stringent immigration laws based on racial discrimination were put in place to reduce the number of Indian immigrants coming to Canada in search of employment. The ship carrying immigrants was sent back from Canada. The passengers were killed during a clash with British police. The brutal act of the British government started the Ghadar Movement. In 1917, the Ghadar party split into the communist party and the socialist party following the end of world war I.
Home Rule Movement
The Home Rule Movement served as the country’s response to the first world war. The home Rule Movement was started by Bal Gangadhar Tilak in Belgium in April 1916. The movement was later joined by Annie Besant in Madras in September 1916. The movement aimed to achieve self-rule without the interference of the British Government. It demonstrated the strength of India and its people by raising political awareness. The movement also resulted in the 1917 Montague Declaration.
Champaran Movement
Champaran Movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi. It was Mahatma Gandhi’s first act of civil disobedience during the freedom struggle in India. It took place in the Champaran district of Bihar in 1917. Indigo farmers of the Champaran district of Bihar have miserable conditions under the Tinkathiya System. The Tinkathiya System forces the farmers or cultivators to cultivate indigo on the best 3/20th part of their land and forces them to sell it at a cheaper price.
Rajkumar Shukla decided to meet Mahatma Gandhi and ask him for help. He went to Lucknow and invited Gandhiji. Mahatma Gandhi reached Champaran and approached the civil disobedience movement. He launched strikes and demonstrated against the landlords in Champaran.
Rowlatt Movement
The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919 was passed by the British Indian government and is known as Rowlatt Act. The Act granted the government the authority to imprison anyone accused of engaging in terror activities for up to two years without a trial. The freedom of the press was restricted by the Rowlatt Act.
On 6th April 1919, Mahatma Gandhi began a non-violent Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act imposed by the British government. This movement was also known as Rowlatt Satyagraha. During this movement, a nationwide hartal was declared and people were asked to hold meetings against the repressive actions and refrain from going to work. The hartal was successful in Delhi, and Punjab witnessed violence. Gandhi ji later suspended the Hartal.
Khilafat Movement
The Khilafat Movement was started by the Ali brothers. The movement was to show denial and protest against the unjust done with Turkey after the first world war. The protest movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi against British rule. The movement demanded to restore the collapsing status of the Caliph in Turkey.
Civil Disobedience Movement
The Civil Disobedience Movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930 and is credited for paving the way for freedom in India. The movement was launched after the observance of Independence Day in 1930.
The movement commenced with the Dandi March on 12th March 1930. Gandhi ji with 78 other members left Sabarmati Ashram on foot and reached Dandi to break the salt law. The production of salt was considered illegal and was controlled by the government. After this event, the civil disobedience movement was accepted all across the country.
Individual Satyagraha
The leaders of the Indian National Congress (INC) were dissatisfied with the British government for dragging India into the second World War without the consent of the Indian people. The Individual Satyagraha was started by Mahatma Gandhi after INC demanded complete freedom from colonial rule. The first three satyagrahis were Brahma Datt, Vinoba Bhave, and Jawaharlal Nehru.
Quit India Movement
The Indian National Congress launched the Quit India Movement after the arrival of the Cripps Mission which arrived in India in March 1942, and it was not able to promise any type of constitutional remedy for India’s issues. Mahatma Gandhi began the Quit India movement in August 1942 to compel the British to leave India.
The movement is also known as ‘Bharat Chhodo Andolan’. The Congress declared an unlawful association and its offices all over the country were raided. The leaders were arrested, and a chaotic atmosphere raised in India. The movement placed the demand for complete Independence.
Dharmadam becomes first complete library constituency in India
Overview
Dharmadam constituency:
The Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan’s constituency Dharmadam has become the first complete library constituency in India. In his Facebook post, the chief minister Vijayan said that out of the total 138 wards in the constituency, there were no libraries in 63 wards. However, with the help of a people’s organization, People’s Mission for Social Development, this task was completed.
Library and Kerala
Kerala which was the first state to achieve 100% literacy status in India is also perhaps the only state in India that has a library in every village.
Puthuvayil Narayana Panicker of Kerala is also known as the Father of the Library Movement in India.
- He started Granthashala Sangam with about 50 small libraries in 1945 in Kerala which grew into a large network of thousands of libraries.
- To honour and acknowledge P.N.Panicker ,Kerala Government declared June 19, his death anniversary, as Vayanadinam (Reading Day) in 1996
- In 2017, Prime Minister Narendra Modi declared June 19 his death anniversary as National Reading Day in India. The following month is also observed as National Reading Month in India.